addresses the good, the right, self-respect, the excellences, shame, envy, and the principles of moral psychology.Īll reasoning is performed with the objective of fully articulating the theory of justice as fairness, so that it may serve as a reasonable alternative to utilitarianism.justifies civil disobedience and conscientious refusal as essential to any conception of justice, and.argues for inclusion of natural duties and obligation within the conception of justice.addresses the problem of intergenerational justice.a four-stage sequence for the development of principles and application of rules.
Through its eighty-seven sections, A Theory of Justice develops this theory to include: Rawls refers to this last proposition as the difference principle.Īn important element of Rawls’s two principles is that the first principle, that requiring equal liberty, is given priority to the second principle, and within the second principle equal opportunity is given priority to the difference principle. that social and economic inequalities must be arranged so that they benefit the least-advantaged members of society.that offices and positions are open to all under conditions of fair equality of opportunity, and.each person has the same claim to a full scheme of equal basic liberties.Through the original position, Rawls reasons the two principles of justice, which dictate that: This thought experiment leads Rawls down a social contractarian philosophical journey that addresses distributive justice from a Kantian perspective, with the aim of offering an alternative to utilitarian doctrines.
In the original position, mutually-disinterested rational persons, in a hypothetical original situation, shielded from the particulars of society and their place in it by what Rawls calls the veil of ignorance, agree on the kind of society in which they choose to live. To do this, Rawls employs a thought experiment called the original position.
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